--- type: "firecrawl-provider" description: "Biomedical literature from PubMed and PubMed Central (NIH National Library of Medicine): search with PubMed query syntax, document summaries, full article records with abstracts and MeSH indexing, PMID/PMCID/DOI resolution, similar and citing articles, and open-access full text. Uses NCBI's anonymous programmatic services (E-utilities, PMC ID Converter, BioC) only; the PubMed and PMC websites themselves sit behind a proof-of-work challenge and are not scraped." use_when: "Biomedical literature from PubMed and PubMed Central (NIH National Library of Medicine): search with PubMed query syntax, document summaries, full article records with abstracts and MeSH indexing, PMID/PMCID/DOI resolution, similar and citing articles, and open-access full text. Uses NCBI's anonymous programmatic services (E-utilities, PMC ID Converter, BioC) only; the PubMed and PMC websites themselves sit behind a proof-of-work challenge and are not scraped." categories: "Public records" capabilities: 6 credits_per_call: 5 --- # PubMed and PMC on Firecrawl Alexandria Biomedical literature from PubMed and PubMed Central (NIH National Library of Medicine): search with PubMed query syntax, document summaries, full article records with abstracts and MeSH indexing, PMID/PMCID/DOI resolution, similar and citing articles, and open-access full text. Uses NCBI's anonymous programmatic services (E-utilities, PMC ID Converter, BioC) only; the PubMed and PMC websites themselves sit behind a proof-of-work challenge and are not scraped. - Categories: Public records - Category index: [Public records category](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/categories/public-records) - Provider key: `pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov` - Access: Firecrawl credits - Cost: 5 credits per call ## More - [Human guide](https://firecrawl.dev/app/alexandria/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov) - [OpenAPI spec](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/openapi.json) ## Capabilities - [Article](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/article): One PubMed record in full from NCBI E-utilities efetch XML (ep-19): title, abstract (plain text plus labelled sections for structured abstracts), authors with affiliations and ORCID, journal and issue, publication date and history, language, publication types, MeSH headings with qualifiers and major-topic flags, keywords, chemicals, grants, conflict-of-interest statement, identifiers (PMID, DOI, PMCID, PII) and the reference list with PMIDs where PubMed has them. NCBI Bookshelf records (GeneReviews, StatPearls, LiverTox, LactMed chapters and whole books) return the same shape with the journal fields null plus a `book` object (book title, NBK accession, publisher, editors). Accepts a PMID or a `pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/{pmid}/` URL. An unknown PMID is `not_found`. - [Full text](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/full_text): Full text of a PubMed Central article from the NCBI BioC RESTful service (ep-31, `pmcoa.cgi`), which serves the PMC Open Access subset: title, license, article ids, authors, year and every passage (abstract, section headings, paragraphs, table and figure captions) with its section type, in reading order. `availability` is `full_text` when body passages are present, `abstract_only` when the OA record has only front matter (typical for preprints), and `not_in_open_access_subset` when PMC knows the article but does not license its text for the service (then `sections` is empty and ids come from the PMC ID Converter, ep-25). Accepts a PMCID or a `pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC.../` URL; an unknown PMCID is `not_found`. `max_chars` truncates the concatenated text. - [Related](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/related): Articles linked to one PMID through NCBI E-utilities elink (ep-21): `similar` (PubMed's computed similar-articles list, `pubmed_pubmed`, the article itself removed), `cited_in` (PubMed articles citing it, `pubmed_pubmed_citedin`) or `references` (its references that are in PubMed, `pubmed_pubmed_refs`). Returns every linked PMID count, the first `limit` ids and, unless disabled, their document summaries via esummary (ep-18). An unknown PMID is `not_found`; a known article with no links of that kind is a valid empty list. - [Resolve ids](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/resolve_ids): Convert between PMIDs, PMCIDs, DOIs and NIHMS manuscript ids with the PMC ID Converter API (ep-25), up to 200 ids per call of one type. `idtype` is inferred when omitted (`PMC...` = pmcid, `10.x/...` = doi, digits = pmid). Each record carries every id PMC knows plus the PubMed and PMC page URLs; ids PMC does not know appear with `status: error` and in `unmatched`. When nothing resolves the result is `not_found`. Note the converter only knows articles that are in PMC: a valid PMID for an article without a PMC copy is reported as unmatched. - [Search](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/search): Search PubMed or PMC with the full PubMed query syntax (`crispr[Title] AND 2024[dp]`, MeSH terms, field tags) through NCBI E-utilities esearch (ep-17), then fetch document summaries for the page through esummary (ep-18): title, authors, journal, dates, volume/issue/pages, publication types and PMID/PMCID/DOI. Offset-paginated (`offset`, `next_offset`); `total_count` is the full hit count and `query_translation` shows how PubMed expanded the query. Empty results are a valid empty page. - [Summaries](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/summaries): Document summaries for up to 50 PMIDs (or PMCIDs with `db=pmc`) in one NCBI E-utilities esummary call (ep-18): title, authors, journal, publication and e-publication dates, volume/issue/pages, publication types, languages, PMID/PMCID/DOI, PMC cited-by count and record status. Ids PubMed does not know are listed in `missing`; when none resolve the result is `not_found`. ## 1. Choose this provider when Biomedical literature from PubMed and PubMed Central (NIH National Library of Medicine): search with PubMed query syntax, document summaries, full article records with abstracts and MeSH indexing, PMID/PMCID/DOI resolution, similar and citing articles, and open-access full text. Uses NCBI's anonymous programmatic services (E-utilities, PMC ID Converter, BioC) only; the PubMed and PMC websites themselves sit behind a proof-of-work challenge and are not scraped. ## 2. Minimal request Call `POST https://api.firecrawl.dev/v2/scrape` with `{ alexandria: { provider, capability, options } }`. For a batch, send `{ alexandria: [...] }` with up to 10 calls. ```json { "provider": "pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov", "capability": "publications/article", "options": { "include_references": false, "pmid": "37742320" } } ``` ## 3. Add provider options Use only the options needed for the task: - `include_references` (boolean): Include the reference list (`references`); false returns `reference_count` only. Example: `false` - `pmid` (string): PubMed identifier, digits only (e.g. `37742320`). Pattern: ^[0-9]{1,9}$. Example: `37742320` - `url` (string): PubMed article URL, e.g. `https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37742320/`. Exactly one of `pmid` and `url`. Example: `https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37742320/` ## 4. Request through your preferred interface ### JavaScript ```javascript const result = await firecrawl.scrape({ alexandria: { provider: "pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov", capability: "publications/article", options: { include_references: false, pmid: "37742320", }, }, }); ``` ### Python ```python result = firecrawl.scrape_alexandria({ "provider": "pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov", "capability": "publications/article", "options": { "include_references": False, "pmid": "37742320" } }) ``` ### cURL ```sh curl https://api.firecrawl.dev/v2/scrape \ -H "Authorization: Bearer $FIRECRAWL_API_KEY" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -d '{ "alexandria": { "provider": "pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov", "capability": "publications/article", "options": { "include_references": false, "pmid": "37742320" } } }' ``` ### CLI ```sh firecrawl scrape 'pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/article' \ --options '{"include_references":false,"pmid":"37742320"}' ``` ### MCP Call the FCX MCP retrieve tool with this object: ```json { "provider": "pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov", "capability": "publications/article", "options": { "include_references": false, "pmid": "37742320" } } ``` Ask for only the returned fields needed by the task. ## 5. Full request shape ```json { "provider": "pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov", "capability": "publications/article", "options": { "include_references": false, "pmid": "37742320" } } ``` ## 6. Response data The response includes `success`, `provider`, `capability`, `creditsCost` and `data`. This example shows the provider payload in `data`: ```json { "abstract": "In the past 20 years, sequencing technologies have led to easy access to genomic data from nonmodel organisms in all biological realms. Insect genetic manipulation, however, continues to be a challenge due to various factors, including technical and cost-related issues. Traditional techniques such as microinjection of gene-editing vectors into early stage embryos have been used for arthropod transgenesis and the discovery of Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR-Cas) technologies allowed for targeted mutagenesis and the creation of knockouts or knock-ins in arthropods. Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo (ReMOT Control) acts as an alternative to embryonic microinjections, which require expensive equipment and extensive hands-on training. ReMOT Control's main advantage is its ease of use coupled with the ability to hypothetically target any vitellogenic species, as injections are administered to the egg-laying adult rather than embryos. After its initial application in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, ReMOT Control has successfully produced mutants not only for mosquitoes but for multiple arthropod species from diverse orders, such as ticks, mites, wasps, beetles, and true bugs, and is being extended to crustaceans, demonstrating the versatility of the technique. In this review, we discuss the current state of ReMOT Control from its proof-of-concept to the advances and challenges in the application across species after 5 years since its development, including novel extensions of the technique such as direct parental (DIPA)-CRISPR.", "abstract_sections": [ { "label": null, "text": "In the past 20 years, sequencing technologies have led to easy access to genomic data from nonmodel organisms in all biological realms. Insect genetic manipulation, however, continues to be a challenge due to various factors, including technical and cost-related issues. Traditional techniques such as microinjection of gene-editing vectors into early stage embryos have been used for arthropod transgenesis and the discovery of Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR-Cas) technologies allowed for targeted mutagenesis and the creation of knockouts or knock-ins in arthropods. Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo (ReMOT Control) acts as an alternative to embryonic microinjections, which require expensive equipment and extensive hands-on training. ReMOT Control's main advantage is its ease of use coupled with the ability to hypothetically target any vitellogenic species, as injections are administered to the egg-laying adult rather than embryos. After its initial application in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, ReMOT Control has successfully produced mutants not only for mosquitoes but for multiple arthropod species from diverse orders, such as ticks, mites, wasps, beetles, and true bugs, and is being extended to crustaceans, demonstrating the versatility of the technique. In this review, we discuss the current state of ReMOT Control from its proof-of-concept to the advances and challenges in the application across species after 5 years since its development, including novel extensions of the technique such as direct parental (DIPA)-CRISPR." } ], "authors": [ { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Gerard", "initials": "G", "last_name": "Terradas", "orcid": null }, { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Vanessa M", "initials": "VM", "last_name": "Macias", "orcid": null }, { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Hillary", "initials": "H", "last_name": "Peterson", "orcid": null }, { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Sage", "initials": "S", "last_name": "McKeand", "orcid": null }, { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Grzegorz", "initials": "G", "last_name": "Krawczyk", "orcid": null }, { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Jason L", "initials": "JL", "last_name": "Rasgon", "orcid": "0000-0002-4050-8429" } ], "chemicals": [], "citation_status": "MEDLINE", "coi_statement": "J.L.R. has applied for patent protection on the ReMOT Control technology.", "copyright": "© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology.", "grants": [ { "acronym": "AI", "agency": "NIAID NIH HHS", "country": "United States", "grant_id": "R21 AI111175" }, { "acronym": "GF", "agency": "NIH HHS", "country": "United States", "grant_id": "R21AI111175" } ], "history": [ { "date": "2023-02-28", "status": "received" }, { "date": "2023-08-04", "status": "revised" }, { "date": "2023-09-07", "status": "accepted" }, { "date": "2024-01-02T11:42", "status": "medline" }, { "date": "2023-09-24T18:41", "status": "pubmed" }, { "date": "2023-09-24T15:11", "status": "entrez" }, { "date": "2024-09-23", "status": "pmc-release" } ], "identifiers": { "doi": "10.1093/icb/icad123", "mid": null, "pii": "7281718", "pmcid": "PMC10755176", "pmid": "37742320" }, "journal": { "country": "England", "iso_abbreviation": "Integr Comp Biol", "issn": "1557-7023", "issn_linking": "1540-7063", "issue": "6", "nlm_unique_id": "101152341", "pages": "1550-1563", "title": "Integrative and comparative biology", "volume": "63" }, "keywords": [], "languages": [ "eng" ], "mesh_headings": [ { "descriptor": "Female", "major_topic": false, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D005260" }, { "descriptor": "Animals", "major_topic": false, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D000818" }, { "descriptor": "CRISPR-Cas Systems", "major_topic": true, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D064113" }, { "descriptor": "Arthropods", "major_topic": true, "qualifiers": [ { "major_topic": false, "name": "genetics", "ui": "Q000235" } ], "ui": "D001181" }, { "descriptor": "Ovary", "major_topic": false, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D010053" }, { "descriptor": "Mosquito Vectors", "major_topic": false, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D000072138" }, { "descriptor": "Germ Cells", "major_topic": false, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D005854" } ], "observed_at_ms": 1790282887946, "pmid": "37742320", "pub_date": { "day": 29, "display": "2023 Dec 29", "medline_date": null, "month": "Dec", "year": 2023 }, "publication_status": "ppublish", "publication_types": [ "Review", "Journal Article", "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't", "Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.", "Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural" ], "reference_count": 103, "references": [], "title": "The Development and Expansion of in vivo Germline Editing Technologies in Arthropods: Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo (ReMOT Control) and Beyond.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37742320/" } ``` ## API reference-derived contract The following capability contract is generated from the same normalized Alexandria API reference exposed in the API spec. ### Article - Capability: `publications/article` - Description: One PubMed record in full from NCBI E-utilities efetch XML (ep-19): title, abstract (plain text plus labelled sections for structured abstracts), authors with affiliations and ORCID, journal and issue, publication date and history, language, publication types, MeSH headings with qualifiers and major-topic flags, keywords, chemicals, grants, conflict-of-interest statement, identifiers (PMID, DOI, PMCID, PII) and the reference list with PMIDs where PubMed has them. NCBI Bookshelf records (GeneReviews, StatPearls, LiverTox, LactMed chapters and whole books) return the same shape with the journal fields null plus a `book` object (book title, NBK accession, publisher, editors). Accepts a PMID or a `pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/{pmid}/` URL. An unknown PMID is `not_found`. - Instructions: After `search` or `resolve_ids`, to read the abstract, MeSH indexing, affiliations, funding or references of one article. - Cost: 5 credits per call - Capability file: [Article](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/article) Accepted options: - `include_references` (boolean): Include the reference list (`references`); false returns `reference_count` only. Example: `false` - `pmid` (string): PubMed identifier, digits only (e.g. `37742320`). Pattern: ^[0-9]{1,9}$. Example: `37742320` - `url` (string): PubMed article URL, e.g. `https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37742320/`. Exactly one of `pmid` and `url`. Example: `https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37742320/` Response schema example: ```json { "abstract": "In the past 20 years, sequencing technologies have led to easy access to genomic data from nonmodel organisms in all biological realms. Insect genetic manipulation, however, continues to be a challenge due to various factors, including technical and cost-related issues. Traditional techniques such as microinjection of gene-editing vectors into early stage embryos have been used for arthropod transgenesis and the discovery of Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR-Cas) technologies allowed for targeted mutagenesis and the creation of knockouts or knock-ins in arthropods. Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo (ReMOT Control) acts as an alternative to embryonic microinjections, which require expensive equipment and extensive hands-on training. ReMOT Control's main advantage is its ease of use coupled with the ability to hypothetically target any vitellogenic species, as injections are administered to the egg-laying adult rather than embryos. After its initial application in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, ReMOT Control has successfully produced mutants not only for mosquitoes but for multiple arthropod species from diverse orders, such as ticks, mites, wasps, beetles, and true bugs, and is being extended to crustaceans, demonstrating the versatility of the technique. In this review, we discuss the current state of ReMOT Control from its proof-of-concept to the advances and challenges in the application across species after 5 years since its development, including novel extensions of the technique such as direct parental (DIPA)-CRISPR.", "abstract_sections": [ { "label": null, "text": "In the past 20 years, sequencing technologies have led to easy access to genomic data from nonmodel organisms in all biological realms. Insect genetic manipulation, however, continues to be a challenge due to various factors, including technical and cost-related issues. Traditional techniques such as microinjection of gene-editing vectors into early stage embryos have been used for arthropod transgenesis and the discovery of Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR-Cas) technologies allowed for targeted mutagenesis and the creation of knockouts or knock-ins in arthropods. Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo (ReMOT Control) acts as an alternative to embryonic microinjections, which require expensive equipment and extensive hands-on training. ReMOT Control's main advantage is its ease of use coupled with the ability to hypothetically target any vitellogenic species, as injections are administered to the egg-laying adult rather than embryos. After its initial application in the mosquito Aedes aegypti, ReMOT Control has successfully produced mutants not only for mosquitoes but for multiple arthropod species from diverse orders, such as ticks, mites, wasps, beetles, and true bugs, and is being extended to crustaceans, demonstrating the versatility of the technique. In this review, we discuss the current state of ReMOT Control from its proof-of-concept to the advances and challenges in the application across species after 5 years since its development, including novel extensions of the technique such as direct parental (DIPA)-CRISPR." } ], "authors": [ { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Gerard", "initials": "G", "last_name": "Terradas", "orcid": null }, { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Vanessa M", "initials": "VM", "last_name": "Macias", "orcid": null }, { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Hillary", "initials": "H", "last_name": "Peterson", "orcid": null }, { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Sage", "initials": "S", "last_name": "McKeand", "orcid": null }, { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Grzegorz", "initials": "G", "last_name": "Krawczyk", "orcid": null }, { "affiliations": [ "Department of Entomology, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Pennsylvania, 16802, USA." ], "collective_name": null, "fore_name": "Jason L", "initials": "JL", "last_name": "Rasgon", "orcid": "0000-0002-4050-8429" } ], "chemicals": [], "citation_status": "MEDLINE", "coi_statement": "J.L.R. has applied for patent protection on the ReMOT Control technology.", "copyright": "© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology.", "grants": [ { "acronym": "AI", "agency": "NIAID NIH HHS", "country": "United States", "grant_id": "R21 AI111175" }, { "acronym": "GF", "agency": "NIH HHS", "country": "United States", "grant_id": "R21AI111175" } ], "history": [ { "date": "2023-02-28", "status": "received" }, { "date": "2023-08-04", "status": "revised" }, { "date": "2023-09-07", "status": "accepted" }, { "date": "2024-01-02T11:42", "status": "medline" }, { "date": "2023-09-24T18:41", "status": "pubmed" }, { "date": "2023-09-24T15:11", "status": "entrez" }, { "date": "2024-09-23", "status": "pmc-release" } ], "identifiers": { "doi": "10.1093/icb/icad123", "mid": null, "pii": "7281718", "pmcid": "PMC10755176", "pmid": "37742320" }, "journal": { "country": "England", "iso_abbreviation": "Integr Comp Biol", "issn": "1557-7023", "issn_linking": "1540-7063", "issue": "6", "nlm_unique_id": "101152341", "pages": "1550-1563", "title": "Integrative and comparative biology", "volume": "63" }, "keywords": [], "languages": [ "eng" ], "mesh_headings": [ { "descriptor": "Female", "major_topic": false, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D005260" }, { "descriptor": "Animals", "major_topic": false, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D000818" }, { "descriptor": "CRISPR-Cas Systems", "major_topic": true, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D064113" }, { "descriptor": "Arthropods", "major_topic": true, "qualifiers": [ { "major_topic": false, "name": "genetics", "ui": "Q000235" } ], "ui": "D001181" }, { "descriptor": "Ovary", "major_topic": false, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D010053" }, { "descriptor": "Mosquito Vectors", "major_topic": false, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D000072138" }, { "descriptor": "Germ Cells", "major_topic": false, "qualifiers": [], "ui": "D005854" } ], "observed_at_ms": 1790282887946, "pmid": "37742320", "pub_date": { "day": 29, "display": "2023 Dec 29", "medline_date": null, "month": "Dec", "year": 2023 }, "publication_status": "ppublish", "publication_types": [ "Review", "Journal Article", "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't", "Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.", "Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural" ], "reference_count": 103, "references": [], "title": "The Development and Expansion of in vivo Germline Editing Technologies in Arthropods: Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo (ReMOT Control) and Beyond.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37742320/" } ``` ### Full text - Capability: `publications/full_text` - Description: Full text of a PubMed Central article from the NCBI BioC RESTful service (ep-31, `pmcoa.cgi`), which serves the PMC Open Access subset: title, license, article ids, authors, year and every passage (abstract, section headings, paragraphs, table and figure captions) with its section type, in reading order. `availability` is `full_text` when body passages are present, `abstract_only` when the OA record has only front matter (typical for preprints), and `not_in_open_access_subset` when PMC knows the article but does not license its text for the service (then `sections` is empty and ids come from the PMC ID Converter, ep-25). Accepts a PMCID or a `pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC.../` URL; an unknown PMCID is `not_found`. `max_chars` truncates the concatenated text. - Instructions: Read the body of an open-access paper once you have its PMCID (from `search` with `db=pmc`, `summaries`, `article` identifiers or `resolve_ids`). Publisher-restricted articles only expose the abstract through `article`. - Cost: 5 credits per call - Capability file: [Full text](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/full_text) Accepted options: - `max_chars` (number): Stop adding passages once the returned text reaches this many characters (`truncated` becomes true). Example: `200` - `pmcid` (string): PMC identifier with or without the `PMC` prefix (e.g. `PMC3531190`). Pattern: ^(PMC|pmc)?[0-9]{1,9}$. Example: `` - `url` (string): PMC article URL, e.g. `https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3531190/`. Exactly one of `pmcid` and `url`. Example: `https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3531190/` Response schema example: ```json { "authors": [ "Dennis A. Benson", "Mark Cavanaugh", "Karen Clark", "Ilene Karsch-Mizrachi", "David J. Lipman", "James Ostell", "Eric W. Sayers" ], "availability": "full_text", "doi": "10.1093/nar/gks1195", "first_page": "D36", "issue": "Database issue", "last_page": "D42", "license": "CC BY-NC", "license_statement": "This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.", "observed_at_ms": 1790282901575, "pmcid": "PMC3531190", "pmid": "23193287", "section_count": 7, "sections": [ { "offset": 0, "section_type": "TITLE", "text": "GenBank", "type": "front" }, { "offset": 8, "section_type": "ABSTRACT", "text": "GenBank® (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) is a comprehensive database that contains publicly available nucleotide sequences for almost 260 000 formally described species. These sequences are obtained primarily through submissions from individual laboratories and batch submissions from large-scale sequencing projects, including whole-genome shotgun (WGS) and environmental sampling projects. Most submissions are made using the web-based BankIt or standalone Sequin programs, and GenBank staff assigns accession numbers upon data receipt. Daily data exchange with the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) and the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) ensures worldwide coverage. GenBank is accessible through the NCBI Entrez retrieval system, which integrates data from the major DNA and protein sequence databases along with taxonomy, genome, mapping, protein structure and domain information, and the biomedical journal literature via PubMed. BLAST provides sequence similarity searches of GenBank and other sequence databases. Complete bimonthly releases and daily updates of the GenBank database are available by FTP. To access GenBank and its related retrieval and analysis services, begin at the NCBI home page: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.", "type": "abstract" }, { "offset": 1236, "section_type": "INTRO", "text": "INTRODUCTION", "type": "title_1" }, { "offset": 1249, "section_type": "INTRO", "text": "GenBank is a comprehensive public database of nucleotide sequences and supporting bibliographic and biological annotation. GenBank is built and distributed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), a division of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), located at the campus of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, MD, USA.", "type": "paragraph" }, { "offset": 1612, "section_type": "INTRO", "text": "NCBI builds GenBank primarily from the submission of sequence data from authors and from the bulk submission of expressed sequence tag (EST), genome survey sequence (GSS), whole-genome shotgun (WGS) and other high-throughput data from sequencing centres. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office also contributes sequences from issued patents. GenBank participates with the European Molecular Biology Laboratory Nucleotide Sequence Database (EMBL-Bank), part of the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA), and the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) as a partner in the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC). The INSDC partners exchange data daily to ensure that a uniform and comprehensive collection of sequence information is available worldwide. NCBI makes the GenBank data available at no cost over the Internet, through FTP and a wide range of web-based retrieval and analysis services.", "type": "paragraph" }, { "offset": 2517, "section_type": "INTRO", "text": "RECENT DEVELOPMENTS", "type": "title_1" }, { "offset": 2537, "section_type": "INTRO", "text": "Submission portal", "type": "title_2" } ], "title": "GenBank", "total_chars": 2547, "truncated": true, "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3531190/", "volume": "41", "year": "2012" } ``` ### Related - Capability: `publications/related` - Description: Articles linked to one PMID through NCBI E-utilities elink (ep-21): `similar` (PubMed's computed similar-articles list, `pubmed_pubmed`, the article itself removed), `cited_in` (PubMed articles citing it, `pubmed_pubmed_citedin`) or `references` (its references that are in PubMed, `pubmed_pubmed_refs`). Returns every linked PMID count, the first `limit` ids and, unless disabled, their document summaries via esummary (ep-18). An unknown PMID is `not_found`; a known article with no links of that kind is a valid empty list. - Instructions: Expand from one paper to its neighbourhood: reviews on the same topic (`similar`), later work building on it (`cited_in`) or what it built on (`references`). - Cost: 5 credits per call - Capability file: [Related](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/related) Accepted options: - `include_summaries` (boolean): When false, return ids only (one upstream request). Example: `false` - `kind` (string): kind Example: `similar` - `limit` (number): How many linked ids to return summaries for (and to list in `ids`). Example: `20` - `pmid` (string, required): PubMed identifier, digits only (e.g. `37742320`). Pattern: ^[0-9]{1,9}$. Example: `37742320` Response schema example: ```json { "ids": [ "32715554", "32122959" ], "kind": "similar", "linkname": "pubmed_pubmed", "observed_at_ms": 1790282928697, "pmid": "37742320", "results": [ { "authors": [ "Chaverra-Rodriguez D", "Dalla Benetta E", "Heu CC", "Rasgon JL", "Ferree PM", "Akbari OS" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1111/imb.12663", "epub_date": "2020 Aug 19", "id": "32715554", "issue": "6", "journal": "Insect Mol Biol", "journal_full": "Insect molecular biology", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Akbari OS", "pages": "569-577", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "32715554", "pub_date": "2020 Dec", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article", "Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural", "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't", "Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S." ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "Germline mutagenesis of Nasonia vitripennis through ovarian delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32715554/", "volume": "29" }, { "authors": [ "Macias VM", "McKeand S", "Chaverra-Rodriguez D", "Hughes GL", "Fazekas A", "Pujhari S", "Jasinskiene N", "James AA", "Rasgon JL" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": 18, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1534/g3.120.401133", "epub_date": "2020 Apr 9", "id": "32122959", "issue": "4", "journal": "G3 (Bethesda)", "journal_full": "G3 (Bethesda, Md.)", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Rasgon JL", "pages": "1353-1360", "pmcid": "PMC7144067", "pmid": "32122959", "pub_date": "2020 Apr 9", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article", "Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural", "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't", "Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S." ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "Cas9-Mediated Gene-Editing in the Malaria Mosquito Anopheles stephensi by ReMOT Control.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32122959/", "volume": "10" } ], "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=37742320", "total_count": 99 } ``` ### Resolve ids - Capability: `publications/resolve_ids` - Description: Convert between PMIDs, PMCIDs, DOIs and NIHMS manuscript ids with the PMC ID Converter API (ep-25), up to 200 ids per call of one type. `idtype` is inferred when omitted (`PMC...` = pmcid, `10.x/...` = doi, digits = pmid). Each record carries every id PMC knows plus the PubMed and PMC page URLs; ids PMC does not know appear with `status: error` and in `unmatched`. When nothing resolves the result is `not_found`. Note the converter only knows articles that are in PMC: a valid PMID for an article without a PMC copy is reported as unmatched. - Instructions: Turn a DOI into a PMID before calling `article`, or a PMID into a PMCID before calling `full_text`. - Cost: 5 credits per call - Capability file: [Resolve ids](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/resolve_ids) Accepted options: - `ids` (string[], required): Identifiers of one type: PMIDs (`37742320`), PMCIDs (`PMC10755176`), DOIs (`10.1093/icb/icad123`) or manuscript ids (`NIHMS...`). Example: `["37742320"]` - `idtype` (string): Type of every id in `ids`; inferred from their form when omitted. Example: `pmid` Response schema example: ```json { "idtype": "pmid", "matched_count": 2, "observed_at_ms": 1790282923846, "records": [ { "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.14.751565", "error": null, "pmc_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13596310/", "pmcid": "PMC13596310", "pmid": "42779897", "pubmed_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42779897/", "requested_id": "42779897", "status": "ok" }, { "doi": "10.1093/icb/icad123", "error": null, "pmc_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10755176/", "pmcid": "PMC10755176", "pmid": "37742320", "pubmed_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37742320/", "requested_id": "37742320", "status": "ok" } ], "unmatched": [] } ``` ### Search - Capability: `publications/search` - Description: Search PubMed or PMC with the full PubMed query syntax (`crispr[Title] AND 2024[dp]`, MeSH terms, field tags) through NCBI E-utilities esearch (ep-17), then fetch document summaries for the page through esummary (ep-18): title, authors, journal, dates, volume/issue/pages, publication types and PMID/PMCID/DOI. Offset-paginated (`offset`, `next_offset`); `total_count` is the full hit count and `query_translation` shows how PubMed expanded the query. Empty results are a valid empty page. - Instructions: Start here to find PMIDs (or PMCIDs with `db=pmc`) for a topic, author or journal; then call `article` for the abstract and MeSH terms, `related` for similar/citing articles or `full_text` for open-access PMC text. - Cost: 5 credits per call - Capability file: [Search](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/search) Accepted options: - `db` (string): Entrez database: `pubmed` (citations and abstracts) or `pmc` (PubMed Central full-text articles). Example: `pubmed` - `include_summaries` (boolean): When false, skip the esummary call and return ids only (one upstream request instead of two). Example: `false` - `limit` (number): Results per page (esearch retmax). Example: `20` - `max_date` (string): Latest publication date, same forms as `min_date`. Requires `min_date`. Pattern: ^[0-9]{4}(/[0-9]{2}(/[0-9]{2})?)?$. Example: `min_date` - `min_date` (string): Earliest publication date, `YYYY`, `YYYY/MM` or `YYYY/MM/DD` (esearch mindate with datetype=pdat). Requires `max_date`. Pattern: ^[0-9]{4}(/[0-9]{2}(/[0-9]{2})?)?$. Example: `` - `offset` (number): Zero-based index of the first result (esearch retstart). E-utilities cap offset + limit at 10,000. Example: `0` - `query` (string, required): PubMed query; free text or field-tagged syntax exactly as accepted by the PubMed search box. Example: `` - `sort` (string): `relevance` (PubMed best match) or `pub_date` (newest first). Example: `relevance` Response schema example: ```json { "db": "pubmed", "ids": [ "42779897", "42779610", "42778074", "42777870", "42775150", "42775062", "42772798", "42772585", "42772422", "42771583", "42771352", "42771324", "42771323", "42771322", "42771321", "42771320", "42771319", "42771318", "42771317", "42771316" ], "limit": 20, "messages": [], "next_offset": 20, "observed_at_ms": 1790282876532, "offset": 0, "query": "crispr gene editing", "query_translation": "(\"clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats\"[MeSH Terms] OR (\"clustered\"[All Fields] AND \"regularly\"[All Fields] AND \"interspaced\"[All Fields] AND \"short\"[All Fields] AND \"palindromic\"[All Fields] AND \"repeats\"[All Fields]) OR \"clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats\"[All Fields] OR \"crispr\"[All Fields] OR \"crisprs\"[All Fields]) AND (\"gene editing\"[MeSH Terms] OR (\"gene\"[All Fields] AND \"editing\"[All Fields]) OR \"gene editing\"[All Fields])", "results": [ { "authors": [ "Nejat N", "van Warmerdam T", "Rasgon JL" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.14.751565", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 17", "id": "42779897", "issue": null, "journal": "bioRxiv", "journal_full": "bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Rasgon JL", "pages": null, "pmcid": "PMC13596310", "pmid": "42779897", "pub_date": "2026 Sep 17", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article", "Preprint" ], "record_status": "PubMed", "title": "Infectious transgenesis in arthropods.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42779897/", "volume": null }, { "authors": [ "Hamilton MC", "Riley JW", "Nelson AC", "Li B", "Dornbaum SF", "Safi A", "Cui X", "Jones IR", "Coley AA", "Hagy KT", "Rai R", "Barrera A", "Allen AS", "Shen Y", "Sherwood RI", "Love MI", "Sullivan PF", "Gersbach CA", "Crawford GE" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.03.749158", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 17", "id": "42779610", "issue": null, "journal": "bioRxiv", "journal_full": "bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Crawford GE", "pages": null, "pmcid": "PMC13596172", "pmid": "42779610", "pub_date": "2026 Sep 17", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article", "Preprint" ], "record_status": "PubMed", "title": "Interrogation of noncoding schizophrenia risk variants using CRISPR-based functional genomics.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42779610/", "volume": null }, { "authors": [ "Raihan M", "Younas I", "Su S", "Xu L" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113465", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 23", "id": "42778074", "issue": null, "journal": "Plant Sci", "journal_full": "Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Xu L", "pages": "113465", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42778074", "pub_date": "2026 Sep 23", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article", "Review" ], "record_status": "PubMed - as supplied by publisher", "title": "Molecular Mechanisms of WRKY Transcription Factors Integrating Environmental Signals to Regulate Flowering Time in Brassica Crops.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42778074/", "volume": null }, { "authors": [ "Wang F", "Liu X", "Gu W", "Xie X", "Wu S", "Gao S", "Srimongkol P", "Srinuanpan S", "Karnchanatat A", "Wang G" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1016/j.biortech.2026.135918", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 23", "id": "42777870", "issue": null, "journal": "Bioresour Technol", "journal_full": "Bioresource technology", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Wang G", "pages": "135918", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42777870", "pub_date": "2026 Sep 23", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article", "Review" ], "record_status": "PubMed - as supplied by publisher", "title": "Microalgal proteins as sustainable alternatives: CRISPR opportunities and challenges.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42777870/", "volume": null }, { "authors": [ "Liyanage R", "Jin L", "Chen SJ" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": 85, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1088/3049-477X/aea331", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 17", "id": "42775150", "issue": "2", "journal": "Mach Learn Health", "journal_full": "Machine learning. Health", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Chen SJ", "pages": "021001", "pmcid": "PMC13595359", "pmid": "42775150", "pub_date": "2026 Dec 31", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article", "Review" ], "record_status": "PubMed", "title": "Machine-learning in optimization of CRISPR technology.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42775150/", "volume": "2" }, { "authors": [ "Yamashita T", "Naito Y", "Yamamoto T", "Yoshida T", "Uchida Y", "Uchida E", "Inoue T" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": 28, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1016/j.omta.2026.201837", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 1", "id": "42775062", "issue": "4", "journal": "Mol Ther Adv", "journal_full": "Molecular therapy. Advances", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Inoue T", "pages": "201837", "pmcid": "PMC13595080", "pmid": "42775062", "pub_date": "2026 Dec 10", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed", "title": "Digenome-Detect: Accurate, statistics-based analysis software for identifying off-target cleavage sites in genome editing.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42775062/", "volume": "34" }, { "authors": [ "Huang Y", "Liu X", "Fan G", "Gong G", "Lee SM" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1111/bph.70662", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 22", "id": "42772798", "issue": null, "journal": "Br J Pharmacol", "journal_full": "British journal of pharmacology", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Lee SM", "pages": null, "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42772798", "pub_date": "2026 Sep 22", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article", "Review" ], "record_status": "PubMed - as supplied by publisher", "title": "Zebrafish in the era of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics: a new paradigm for central nervous system drug discovery from natural products.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42772798/", "volume": null }, { "authors": [ "Javadi K", "Zebardast A" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1016/j.gene.2026.150416", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 22", "id": "42772585", "issue": null, "journal": "Gene", "journal_full": "Gene", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Zebardast A", "pages": "150416", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42772585", "pub_date": "2026 Sep 22", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article", "Review" ], "record_status": "PubMed - as supplied by publisher", "title": "Targeting host factors in antiviral therapy: new frontiers in combating viral infections.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42772585/", "volume": null }, { "authors": [ "Elkhadragy L", "David OG", "Castillo CC", "Redlon LN", "Jordan LR", "Khan N", "Liu H", "Rosa Lopes IA", "Zhou Y", "Kanzaki H", "Hoshida Y", "Samuelson JP", "Lujambio A", "Schook LB", "Guzman G", "Schachtschneider KM", "Gaba RC" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.102042", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 22", "id": "42772422", "issue": null, "journal": "JHEP Rep", "journal_full": "JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Gaba RC", "pages": "102042", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42772422", "pub_date": "2026 Sep 22", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - as supplied by publisher", "title": "Modeling Liver Cancer Molecular and Histological Features by CRISPR Editing of Porcine Hepatocytes.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42772422/", "volume": null }, { "authors": [ "Hall ML", "Quintal A", "Acharya SN", "Worme S", "Nguyen TT", "Schonrock Z", "Tsuchiya M", "Carlson HL", "Pacentine IV", "Shrestha SB", "Macaraeg J", "Armstrong R", "Szczepanski N", "Adler J", "McGann J", "Evans-Dutson S", "Lusardi TA", "O'Connell BL", "Adey AC", "Yardımcı GG", "Maxson JE", "Braun TP" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1182/blood.2026034001", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 22", "id": "42771583", "issue": null, "journal": "Blood", "journal_full": "Blood", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Braun TP", "pages": null, "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42771583", "pub_date": "2026 Sep 22", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - as supplied by publisher", "title": "Mutant ASXL1 Cooperates with MECOM and BRD4 to Drive Transcriptional Dysregulation in Human Hematopoiesis.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42771583/", "volume": null }, { "authors": [ "Saltzman RG", "Asensi KD", "Chakraborty A", "Kulandavelu S", "Hare JM" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1080/14779072.2026.2735936", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 22", "id": "42771352", "issue": null, "journal": "Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther", "journal_full": "Expert review of cardiovascular therapy", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Hare JM", "pages": null, "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42771352", "pub_date": "2026 Sep 22", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - as supplied by publisher", "title": "Beating the heart failure epidemic: can emerging cell therapies deliver what conventional approaches cannot?", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42771352/", "volume": null }, { "authors": [ "Vaskovicova M", "Dolejs V", "Dostalova P", "Michalikova CS", "Prochazka J", "Sedlacek R" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1007/978-1-0716-5547-4_21", "epub_date": null, "id": "42771324", "issue": null, "journal": "Methods Mol Biol", "journal_full": "Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Sedlacek R", "pages": "411-421", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42771324", "pub_date": "2027", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "Delivery of Targeting Constructs into Zygotes Using Electroporation.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42771324/", "volume": "3075" }, { "authors": [ "Ortiz-Bueno M", "Millán-López A", "Labun K", "Benabdellah K" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1007/978-1-0716-5547-4_20", "epub_date": null, "id": "42771323", "issue": null, "journal": "Methods Mol Biol", "journal_full": "Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Benabdellah K", "pages": "389-409", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42771323", "pub_date": "2027", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "Nucleofection-Based CRISPR/Cas Delivery in Human T Cells for Immunotherapy Applications.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42771323/", "volume": "3075" }, { "authors": [ "Peña-Gutierrez I", "Mazzeo D", "Bassons-Bascuñana A", "Haider S", "Garcia-Garcia L", "Olalla-Sastre B", "Río P", "López-Manzaneda S", "Mataix M" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1007/978-1-0716-5547-4_19", "epub_date": null, "id": "42771322", "issue": null, "journal": "Methods Mol Biol", "journal_full": "Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Mataix M", "pages": "367-388", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42771322", "pub_date": "2027", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "An Electroporation-Based Protocol for Ex Vivo Base Editing: From Design to Quantitative Assessment.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42771322/", "volume": "3075" }, { "authors": [ "Papaioannou NY", "Papasavva PL", "Patsali P", "Lederer CW" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1007/978-1-0716-5547-4_18", "epub_date": null, "id": "42771321", "issue": null, "journal": "Methods Mol Biol", "journal_full": "Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Lederer CW", "pages": "341-366", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42771321", "pub_date": "2027", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "Electroporation for High-Efficiency Delivery of CRISPR to Hematopoietic Cells.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42771321/", "volume": "3075" }, { "authors": [ "Skrbinek M", "Bohinc J" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1007/978-1-0716-5547-4_17", "epub_date": null, "id": "42771320", "issue": null, "journal": "Methods Mol Biol", "journal_full": "Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Bohinc J", "pages": "327-339", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42771320", "pub_date": "2027", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "Production and Purification of Cas9 Protein for Ribonucleoprotein Complex Formation.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42771320/", "volume": "3075" }, { "authors": [ "Carusillo A", "Naseem A", "Cavazza A" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1007/978-1-0716-5547-4_16", "epub_date": null, "id": "42771319", "issue": null, "journal": "Methods Mol Biol", "journal_full": "Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Cavazza A", "pages": "311-324", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42771319", "pub_date": "2027", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "Virus-Like Particles as a Nonviral CRISPR/Cas Editing Delivery Tool.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42771319/", "volume": "3075" }, { "authors": [ "Martí-Melero L", "Martín SP", "Gómez SB", "Guerra-Rebollo M" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1007/978-1-0716-5547-4_15", "epub_date": null, "id": "42771318", "issue": null, "journal": "Methods Mol Biol", "journal_full": "Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Guerra-Rebollo M", "pages": "299-309", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42771318", "pub_date": "2027", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "Oligo-Modified Poly(β-Amino Ester)-Mediated mRNA Delivery: A Protocol for Gene Editing Applications.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42771318/", "volume": "3075" }, { "authors": [ "Paul A", "Lee HY", "Tuma J" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1007/978-1-0716-5547-4_14", "epub_date": null, "id": "42771317", "issue": null, "journal": "Methods Mol Biol", "journal_full": "Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Tuma J", "pages": "275-297", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42771317", "pub_date": "2027", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "Cell-Penetrating Peptide Delivery for CRISPR Applications.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42771317/", "volume": "3075" }, { "authors": [ "Vasti C", "Valenti LE", "Giacomelli CE" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1007/978-1-0716-5547-4_13", "epub_date": null, "id": "42771316", "issue": null, "journal": "Methods Mol Biol", "journal_full": "Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Giacomelli CE", "pages": "257-273", "pmcid": null, "pmid": "42771316", "pub_date": "2027", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article" ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "Quantitative Analysis of CRISPR Encoding Plasmid DNA-Nanocarrier Interactions by Gel Electrophoresis and Densitometry.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42771316/", "volume": "3075" } ], "source_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=crispr+gene+editing", "total_count": 25455 } ``` ### Summaries - Capability: `publications/summaries` - Description: Document summaries for up to 50 PMIDs (or PMCIDs with `db=pmc`) in one NCBI E-utilities esummary call (ep-18): title, authors, journal, publication and e-publication dates, volume/issue/pages, publication types, languages, PMID/PMCID/DOI, PMC cited-by count and record status. Ids PubMed does not know are listed in `missing`; when none resolve the result is `not_found`. - Instructions: Batch lookup of bibliographic metadata for known ids (from `search`, `related`, a reference list or a DOI resolved with `resolve_ids`). Use `article` when you need the abstract or MeSH headings. - Cost: 5 credits per call - Capability file: [Summaries](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov/publications/summaries) Accepted options: - `db` (string): Entrez database: `pubmed` (citations and abstracts) or `pmc` (PubMed Central full-text articles). Example: `pubmed` - `ids` (string[], required): 1 to 50 identifiers. Example: `[]` Response schema example: ```json { "db": "pubmed", "missing": [], "observed_at_ms": 1790282883199, "records": [ { "authors": [ "Nejat N", "van Warmerdam T", "Rasgon JL" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": null, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.14.751565", "epub_date": "2026 Sep 17", "id": "42779897", "issue": null, "journal": "bioRxiv", "journal_full": "bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Rasgon JL", "pages": null, "pmcid": "PMC13596310", "pmid": "42779897", "pub_date": "2026 Sep 17", "publication_types": [ "Journal Article", "Preprint" ], "record_status": "PubMed", "title": "Infectious transgenesis in arthropods.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42779897/", "volume": null }, { "authors": [ "Terradas G", "Macias VM", "Peterson H", "McKeand S", "Krawczyk G", "Rasgon JL" ], "cited_by_count_pmc": 103, "db": "pubmed", "doi": "10.1093/icb/icad123", "epub_date": null, "id": "37742320", "issue": "6", "journal": "Integr Comp Biol", "journal_full": "Integrative and comparative biology", "languages": [ "eng" ], "last_author": "Rasgon JL", "pages": "1550-1563", "pmcid": "PMC10755176", "pmid": "37742320", "pub_date": "2023 Dec 29", "publication_types": [ "Review", "Journal Article", "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't", "Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.", "Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural" ], "record_status": "PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE", "title": "The Development and Expansion of in vivo Germline Editing Technologies in Arthropods: Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargo (ReMOT Control) and Beyond.", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37742320/", "volume": "63" } ] } ```