---
type: "firecrawl-provider"
description: "Decisions of the Federal Court of Appeal of Canada from the Court's own decisions site (decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca, run by Lexum): full-text search, decisions by year, citation and docket lookup, and each decision's metadata and full text in English or French."
use_when: "Decisions of the Federal Court of Appeal of Canada from the Court's own decisions site (decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca, run by Lexum): full-text search, decisions by year, citation and docket lookup, and each decision's metadata and full text in English or French."
categories: "Public records"
capabilities: 4
credits_per_call: 5
---
# Federal Court of Appeal Decisions on Firecrawl Alexandria

Decisions of the Federal Court of Appeal of Canada from the Court's own decisions site (decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca, run by Lexum): full-text search, decisions by year, citation and docket lookup, and each decision's metadata and full text in English or French.

- Categories: Public records
- Category index: [Public records category](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/categories/public-records)
- Provider key: `decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca`
- Access: Firecrawl credits
- Cost: 5 credits per call

## More

- [Human guide](https://firecrawl.dev/app/alexandria/decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca)
- [OpenAPI spec](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca/openapi.json)

## Capabilities

- [Get decision](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca/court-cases/get_decision): One Federal Court of Appeal decision from decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca: style of cause, date, neutral citation, file numbers, links to its Federal Courts Reports entry, PDF URL, and the full text of the Court's document (cover page, reasons and counsel list), paged by offset and max_chars.
- [List decisions](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca/court-cases/list_decisions): Federal Court of Appeal decisions rendered in one year, newest first, 25 per page with the year's total: item id, style of cause, neutral citation, decision date, page and PDF URLs.
- [Resolve citation](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca/court-cases/resolve_citation): Look up Federal Court of Appeal decisions by neutral citation ('2025 FCA 232', French '2025 CAF 232') or docket number ('A-240-25'). A neutral citation returns only the exact match.
- [Search decisions](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca/court-cases/search_decisions): Full-text search of Federal Court of Appeal decisions on the Court's own decisions site (decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca), optionally limited to a decision-date range and sorted by relevance or date. Returns 25 decisions per page with the total hit count: item id, style of cause, neutral citation, decision date, matching passages, page and PDF URLs.

## 1. Choose this provider when

Decisions of the Federal Court of Appeal of Canada from the Court's own decisions site (decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca, run by Lexum): full-text search, decisions by year, citation and docket lookup, and each decision's metadata and full text in English or French.

## 2. Minimal request

Call `POST https://api.firecrawl.dev/v2/scrape` with `{ alexandria: { provider, capability, options } }`. For a batch, send `{ alexandria: [...] }` with up to 10 calls.

```json
{
  "provider": "decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca",
  "capability": "court-cases/get_decision",
  "options": {
    "item_id": 521747,
    "max_chars": 1500
  }
}
```

## 3. Add provider options

Use only the options needed for the task:

- `item_id` (number): Decisia item id from another function. Example: `10`
- `language` (string): Version to read: 'en' (default) or 'fr'. When that version is not published the other one is returned with a language_unavailable warning. Example: `en`
- `max_chars` (number): Most characters of text to return (default 30000). Example: `500`
- `offset` (number): Character offset into the text (default 0); the continuation cursor is the next offset. Example: `10`
- `url` (string): Decision URL, e.g. https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521747/index.do; its language is used unless language is given. Example: `<url>`

## 4. Request through your preferred interface

### JavaScript

```javascript
const result = await firecrawl.scrape({
  alexandria: {
    provider: "decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca",
    capability: "court-cases/get_decision",
    options: {
      item_id: 521747,
      max_chars: 1500,
    },
  },
});
```

### Python

```python
result = firecrawl.scrape_alexandria({
  "provider": "decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca",
  "capability": "court-cases/get_decision",
  "options": {
    "item_id": 521747,
    "max_chars": 1500
  }
})
```

### cURL

```sh
curl https://api.firecrawl.dev/v2/scrape \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $FIRECRAWL_API_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
  "alexandria": {
    "provider": "decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca",
    "capability": "court-cases/get_decision",
    "options": {
      "item_id": 521747,
      "max_chars": 1500
    }
  }
}'
```

### CLI

```sh
firecrawl scrape 'decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca/court-cases/get_decision' \
  --options '{"item_id":521747,"max_chars":1500}'
```


### MCP

Call the FCX MCP retrieve tool with this object:

```json
{
  "provider": "decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca",
  "capability": "court-cases/get_decision",
  "options": {
    "item_id": 521747,
    "max_chars": 1500
  }
}
```

Ask for only the returned fields needed by the task.

## 5. Full request shape

```json
{
  "provider": "decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca",
  "capability": "court-cases/get_decision",
  "options": {
    "item_id": 521747,
    "max_chars": 1500
  }
}
```

## 6. Response data

The response includes `success`, `provider`, `capability`, `creditsCost` and `data`. This example shows the provider payload in `data`:

```json
{
  "collection": "Federal Court of Appeal Decisions",
  "decision_date": "2025-12-22",
  "file_numbers": [
    "A-240-25"
  ],
  "item_id": 521747,
  "language": "en",
  "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 232",
  "observed_at_ms": 1792979015748,
  "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521747/1/document.do",
  "report_links": [],
  "source_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521747/index.do",
  "text": "Date: 20251222\nDocket: A-240-25\nCitation: 2025 FCA 232\nPresent: GOYETTE J.A.\nBETWEEN:\nMINISTER OF NATIONAL REVENUE\nAppellant\nand\nSHOPIFY INC.\nRespondent\nDealt with in writing without appearance of parties.\nOrder delivered at Ottawa, Ontario, on December 22, 2025.\nREASONS FOR ORDER BY:\nGOYETTE J.A.\nDate: 20251222\nDocket: A-240-25\nCitation: 2025 FCA 232\nPresent: GOYETTE J.A.\nBETWEEN:\nMINISTER OF NATIONAL REVENUE\nAppellant\nand\nSHOPIFY INC.\nRespondent\nREASONS FOR ORDER\nGOYETTE J.A.\n[1] The Minister of National Revenue seeks an order requiring Shopify Inc. to preserve certain data until the Minister’s appeal before this Court is finally disposed of.\n[2] For the following reasons, I will grant the preservation order, while varying its scope and terms.\nI. Context\n[3] In the spring of 2023, the Minister sought the Federal Court’s authorization to impose a requirement on Shopify to provide information regarding certain persons who use Shopify’s software platform to sell products and services online.\n[4] Because the Minister did not know the persons’ names—rather, he wanted to obtain this and other information about them—the Minister turned to subsections 231.2(3) of the Income Tax Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. 1 (5th Supp.) and 289(3) of the Excise Tax Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. E-15. These identically worded provisions provide that a Federal Court judge may authorize the requirement if the judge is satisfied that (a) there is an ascertainable group, and (b) the requirement is made to verify the tax",
  "text_offset": 0,
  "text_total_chars": 18553,
  "title": "Canada (National Revenue) v. Shopify Inc."
}
```

## API reference-derived contract

The following capability contract is generated from the same normalized Alexandria API reference exposed in the API spec.

### Get decision

- Capability: `court-cases/get_decision`
- Description: One Federal Court of Appeal decision from decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca: style of cause, date, neutral citation, file numbers, links to its Federal Courts Reports entry, PDF URL, and the full text of the Court's document (cover page, reasons and counsel list), paged by offset and max_chars.
- Instructions: Read a decision found with search_decisions, list_decisions or resolve_citation, or from a pasted decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca URL.
- Cost: 5 credits per call
- Capability file: [Get decision](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca/court-cases/get_decision)

Accepted options:
- `item_id` (number): Decisia item id from another function. Example: `10`
- `language` (string): Version to read: 'en' (default) or 'fr'. When that version is not published the other one is returned with a language_unavailable warning. Example: `en`
- `max_chars` (number): Most characters of text to return (default 30000). Example: `500`
- `offset` (number): Character offset into the text (default 0); the continuation cursor is the next offset. Example: `10`
- `url` (string): Decision URL, e.g. https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521747/index.do; its language is used unless language is given. Example: `<url>`

Response schema example:
```json
{
  "collection": "Federal Court of Appeal Decisions",
  "decision_date": "2025-12-22",
  "file_numbers": [
    "A-240-25"
  ],
  "item_id": 521747,
  "language": "en",
  "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 232",
  "observed_at_ms": 1792979015748,
  "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521747/1/document.do",
  "report_links": [],
  "source_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521747/index.do",
  "text": "Date: 20251222\nDocket: A-240-25\nCitation: 2025 FCA 232\nPresent: GOYETTE J.A.\nBETWEEN:\nMINISTER OF NATIONAL REVENUE\nAppellant\nand\nSHOPIFY INC.\nRespondent\nDealt with in writing without appearance of parties.\nOrder delivered at Ottawa, Ontario, on December 22, 2025.\nREASONS FOR ORDER BY:\nGOYETTE J.A.\nDate: 20251222\nDocket: A-240-25\nCitation: 2025 FCA 232\nPresent: GOYETTE J.A.\nBETWEEN:\nMINISTER OF NATIONAL REVENUE\nAppellant\nand\nSHOPIFY INC.\nRespondent\nREASONS FOR ORDER\nGOYETTE J.A.\n[1] The Minister of National Revenue seeks an order requiring Shopify Inc. to preserve certain data until the Minister’s appeal before this Court is finally disposed of.\n[2] For the following reasons, I will grant the preservation order, while varying its scope and terms.\nI. Context\n[3] In the spring of 2023, the Minister sought the Federal Court’s authorization to impose a requirement on Shopify to provide information regarding certain persons who use Shopify’s software platform to sell products and services online.\n[4] Because the Minister did not know the persons’ names—rather, he wanted to obtain this and other information about them—the Minister turned to subsections 231.2(3) of the Income Tax Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. 1 (5th Supp.) and 289(3) of the Excise Tax Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. E-15. These identically worded provisions provide that a Federal Court judge may authorize the requirement if the judge is satisfied that (a) there is an ascertainable group, and (b) the requirement is made to verify the tax",
  "text_offset": 0,
  "text_total_chars": 18553,
  "title": "Canada (National Revenue) v. Shopify Inc."
}
```

### List decisions

- Capability: `court-cases/list_decisions`
- Description: Federal Court of Appeal decisions rendered in one year, newest first, 25 per page with the year's total: item id, style of cause, neutral citation, decision date, page and PDF URLs.
- Instructions: Browse what the Court decided in a year, or poll the current year for new decisions. Read one with get_decision.
- Cost: 5 credits per call
- Capability file: [List decisions](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca/court-cases/list_decisions)

Accepted options:
- `language` (string): Page language: 'en' (default) or 'fr'. Most decisions are published in both official languages, some first in one; each result links to the version that exists. Example: `en`
- `page` (number): Result page, 25 per page (default 1). Example: `10`
- `year` (number, required): Decision year (the collection starts in 1988 and is fullest from 1999). Example: `1988`

Response schema example:
```json
{
  "language": "en",
  "observed_at_ms": 1792979015663,
  "page": 1,
  "results": [
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-31",
      "item_id": 521749,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 234",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521749/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Canadian National Railway Company v. Canada (Transportation Agency)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521749/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-30",
      "item_id": 521748,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 233",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521748/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Lavoie v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521748/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-22",
      "item_id": 521747,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 232",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521747/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Canada (National Revenue) v. Shopify Inc.",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521747/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-18",
      "item_id": 521750,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 231",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521750/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Canada (Attorney General) v. Cartesian Theatre Corp.",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521750/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-17",
      "item_id": 521746,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 230",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521746/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Stevens & Company Law Corporation v. McLean",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521746/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-16",
      "item_id": 521745,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 229",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521745/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Adegoke v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521745/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-15",
      "item_id": 521743,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 227",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521743/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "ADGA Group Consultants Inc. v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521743/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-15",
      "item_id": 521744,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 226",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521744/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Canada (Attorney General) v. Powless",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521744/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-12",
      "item_id": 521741,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 225",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521741/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Jennings-Clyde (Vivatas, Inc.) v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521741/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-09",
      "item_id": 521740,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 223",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521740/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Makarov v. Canada (Foreign Affairs)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521740/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-08",
      "item_id": 521738,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 221",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521738/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Azmayesh-Fard v. Canada",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521738/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-08",
      "item_id": 521739,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 222",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521739/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Qualizza v. Canada",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521739/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-04",
      "item_id": 521736,
      "language": "fr",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 CAF 219",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/fr/521736/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Conseil en Éducation des Premières Nations c. Germain",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/fr/item/521736/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-03",
      "item_id": 521735,
      "language": "fr",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 CAF 218",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/fr/521735/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Paquin c. Canada (Procureur général)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/fr/item/521735/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-02",
      "item_id": 521733,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 214",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521733/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "AGI Suretrack, LLC v. Farmers Edge Inc.",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521733/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-02",
      "item_id": 521737,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 216",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521737/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Rouet v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521737/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-01",
      "item_id": 521732,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 213",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521732/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Abdulaziz v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521732/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-01",
      "item_id": 521734,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 215",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521734/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "D.C. v. Canada",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521734/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-11-28",
      "item_id": 521742,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 212",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521742/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Samsung Bioepis Co., Ltd. v. Novartis AG",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521742/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-11-26",
      "item_id": 521731,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 209",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521731/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Canada (Attorney General) v. Public Service Alliance of Canada",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521731/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-11-21",
      "item_id": 521729,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 207",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521729/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Canada v. Quebecor Inc.",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521729/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-11-21",
      "item_id": 521730,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 208",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521730/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "East Coast Hydraulics & Machinery (2009) Limited v. International Longshoremen's Association, Local 1976",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521730/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-11-20",
      "item_id": 521728,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 206",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521728/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "O'Driscoll v. Canada (Royal Canadian Mounted Police)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521728/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-11-18",
      "item_id": 521727,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 205",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521727/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Abramowitz v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521727/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-11-10",
      "item_id": 521725,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 204",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521725/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "DEML Investments Limited v. Canada",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521725/index.do"
    }
  ],
  "source_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/2025/nav_date.do",
  "total": 211,
  "year": 2025
}
```

### Resolve citation

- Capability: `court-cases/resolve_citation`
- Description: Look up Federal Court of Appeal decisions by neutral citation ('2025 FCA 232', French '2025 CAF 232') or docket number ('A-240-25'). A neutral citation returns only the exact match.
- Instructions: Turn a citation or docket number found in another document into the decision's item id, then read it with get_decision.
- Cost: 5 credits per call
- Capability file: [Resolve citation](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca/court-cases/resolve_citation)

Accepted options:
- `citation` (string, required): Neutral citation ('2025 FCA 232' or '2025 CAF 232') or docket number ('A-240-25'). Example: `<citation>`
- `language` (string): Page language: 'en' (default) or 'fr'. Most decisions are published in both official languages, some first in one; each result links to the version that exists. Example: `en`

Response schema example:
```json
{
  "citation": "2025 FCA 232",
  "count": 1,
  "language": "en",
  "matches": [
    {
      "decision_date": "2025-12-22",
      "item_id": 521747,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2025 FCA 232",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521747/1/document.do",
      "snippet": null,
      "title": "Canada (National Revenue) v. Shopify Inc.",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521747/index.do"
    }
  ],
  "observed_at_ms": 1792979015716,
  "source_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/en/d/s/index.do?cont=&ref=2025+FCA+232&d1=&d2=&p=&col=53&su=&or="
}
```

### Search decisions

- Capability: `court-cases/search_decisions`
- Description: Full-text search of Federal Court of Appeal decisions on the Court's own decisions site (decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca), optionally limited to a decision-date range and sorted by relevance or date. Returns 25 decisions per page with the total hit count: item id, style of cause, neutral citation, decision date, matching passages, page and PDF URLs.
- Instructions: Find Federal Court of Appeal cases on a legal topic ('procedural fairness', 'Income Tax Act section 231.2') or by party name. Read one with get_decision. To look up a known neutral citation or docket number use resolve_citation.
- Cost: 5 credits per call
- Capability file: [Search decisions](https://firecrawl.dev/alexandria/agents/providers/decisions-fca-caf-gc-ca/court-cases/search_decisions)

Accepted options:
- `date_from` (string): Earliest decision date, YYYY-MM-DD. Pattern: ^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$. Example: `<date_from>`
- `date_to` (string): Latest decision date, YYYY-MM-DD. Pattern: ^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$. Example: `<date_to>`
- `language` (string): Page language: 'en' (default) or 'fr'. Most decisions are published in both official languages, some first in one; each result links to the version that exists. Example: `en`
- `page` (number): Result page, 25 per page (default 1); the next page number is the continuation cursor. Example: `10`
- `query` (string, required): Words to find in the decisions; the site's syntax applies (quotes for a phrase). Example: `<query>`
- `sort` (string): 'relevance' (default) or 'date' (newest first). Example: `relevance`

Response schema example:
```json
{
  "date_from": "2020-01-01",
  "date_to": "2022-12-31",
  "language": "en",
  "observed_at_ms": 1792979015595,
  "page": 1,
  "query": "procedural fairness",
  "results": [
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-12-06",
      "item_id": 517345,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 236",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/517345/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "[54] A court assessing a procedural fairness argument is required to ask whether the procedure was fair having regard to all of the circumstances, including the Baker factors. [...] Procedural fairness is not sacrificed on the altar of deference. [36] Since the question for procedural fairness is whether the procedure was fair, it is a moot point whether this Court conducts a de novo review of the issue of procedural fairness or reviews the decision of the Federal Court on the procedural fairness [...] A. Procedural Fairness – Failure to Disclose the Opinion of a Senior Program Advisor",
      "title": "Denso Manufacturing Canada, Inc. v. Canada (National Revenue)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/517345/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2022-05-04",
      "item_id": 520954,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2022 FCA 76",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/520954/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "[21] On the issue of procedural fairness, the question for this Court is whether the procedure was fair having regard to all of the circumstances (Canadian Pacific Railway Company v. Canada (Attorney General), 2018 FCA 69, at para. 54). [...] [23] The first issue that will be addressed is the procedural fairness issue. A. Procedural Fairness [24] As noted by the majority of the Supreme Court in Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration) v. Vavilov, 2019 SCC 65, at paragraph 77, “[t]he duty of procedural fairness in administrative law is ‘eminently [...] [40] In Canadian Pacific, at paragraph 56, this Court held that “the ultimate question [for procedural fairness] remains whether the applicant knew the case to meet and had a full and fair chance to respond”.",
      "title": "Pacific Northwest Raptors Ltd. v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/520954/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2020-10-21",
      "item_id": 487276,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2020 FCA 176",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/487276/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "Applying the factors for determining the content of procedural fairness identified in Baker v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), [1999] 2 S.C.R. 817 at paras. 22-28, the application judge assessed the level of procedural fairness CSC owed to Dr. Yeager as low. [...] He proceeded to explain why, in his view, none of Dr. Yeager’s fairness arguments could be given effect. [18] First, he observed that Dr. Yeager was relying on the Finateri affidavit and section 74 of the Act to argue that the purpose of the fairs had changed, and that inmates had a procedural right to consultation before [...] And as set out above, CSC denied Dr. Yeager access to the fairs in 2015, both for security reasons and because the services he would provide were inconsistent with the purpose of the fairs.",
      "title": "Yeager v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/487276/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-04-09",
      "item_id": 495379,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 69",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/495379/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "A court assessing a procedural fairness argument is required to ask whether the procedure was fair having regard to all of the circumstances, including the Baker factors. [...] [47] With that in mind, I propose to address questions of procedural fairness by asking whether a fair and just procedure was followed, which, as noted in the passage quoted above, captures what is caught, though awkwardly, by the use of “correctness standard” in the context of procedural fairness. [...] [50] The Agency responded to CP’s arguments as to procedural fairness by focussing on the RTM issue and pointing out that its decision on that point is merely an interim decision, meant to ensure fairness and consistency in reporting.",
      "title": "Canadian Pacific Railway Company v. Canada (Transportation Agency)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/495379/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2020-01-10",
      "item_id": 459356,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2020 FCA 5",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/459356/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "Dr. Oleynik also alleged that SSHRC had breached his right to procedural fairness and natural justice by, among other things, failing to follow its published policies and procedures. [...] “It is impossible to have a fair hearing or to have procedural fairness if a reasonable apprehension of bias has been established”: Guy Régimbald, Canadian Administrative Law, 2nd ed. [...] It is through the concept of reasonable apprehension of bias that the common law of procedural fairness addresses alleged conflicts of interest. [55] The Attorney General does not dispute that Dr. Oleynik was entitled to procedural fairness in relation to his application for funding.",
      "title": "Oleynik v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/459356/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-11-02",
      "item_id": 515522,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 213",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/515522/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "V. Procedural fairness [26] The appellant contends that the Federal Court erred in applying a reasonableness standard of review to questions of procedural fairness. [...] the Baker factors (Baker v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), [1999] 2 S.C.R. 817, 1999 CanLII 699 (SCC)), the Federal Court determined the degree of procedural fairness owed to the appellant was in the “low to medium range” and then considered whether the appellant had been accorded procedural fairness. [...] VII. The specific breaches of procedural fairness [32] The appellant points to a decision by Health Canada to consult an external hematologist regarding a potential post-market monitoring plan for lumbrokinase as a breach of its right to procedural fairness.",
      "title": "Canada RNA Biochemical Inc. v. Canada (Health)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/515522/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-06-02",
      "item_id": 498088,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 109",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/498088/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "Rather, “[a] court assessing a procedural fairness argument is required to ask whether the procedure was fair having regard to all of the circumstances” (Canadian Pacific, para. 54). [...] C. Did the Judge err in finding that the appellant was not denied procedural fairness? [58] The appellant submits the Judge erred in finding that he was not denied procedural fairness (FC Decision, paras. 190-91). [...] Thus, I am satisfied that the appellant knew the case to meet and had a full and fair chance to respond. [71] The Judge did not err in finding that the appellant was not denied procedural fairness.",
      "title": "Abbott v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/498088/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2020-08-19",
      "item_id": 484149,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2020 FCA 129",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/484149/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "• - Procedural fairness did not require that Justice Girouard be permitted to appear before the Council or to respond to the minority’s concerns. [...] I will return shortly to the Council’s language obligations under the Canadian Constitution and the Official Languages Act. For the purposes of procedural fairness, however, I consider such a response to be insufficient to warrant this Court’s intervention for the purpose of sanctioning a breach of procedural fairness. [...] Procedural fairness will generally be best served by allowing the parties to address any issue where the outcome could be unfavourable to them.",
      "title": "Girouard v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/484149/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-07-09",
      "item_id": 500031,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 135",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/500031/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "[29] The SCT itself makes submissions as an intervener on the issue of procedural fairness. IV. Analysis [30] The two issues identified above are addressed in the paragraphs below, starting with the issue of procedural fairness. [...] A. Procedural Fairness (1) Standard of Review [31] The standard of review on issues of procedural fairness is essentially correctness: Mission Institution v. Khela, 2014 SCC 24, [2014] 1 S.C.R. 502 at para. 79. [...] They did not mention procedural fairness. If the Ahousaht had concerns about procedural fairness, they should have stated them explicitly when their other concerns were discussed.",
      "title": "Ahousaht First Nation v. Canada (Indian Affairs and Northern Development)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/500031/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2022-05-31",
      "item_id": 520977,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2022 FCA 96",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/520977/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "[5] We agree with CSXT that a breach of procedural fairness took place in this case. Thus, the appeal must be allowed. [...] On procedural fairness in this context, see Rodaro v. Royal Bank of Canada (2002), 59 O.R. (3d) 74, 157 O.A.C. 203 (C.A.); the comments of the Supreme Court in R. v. Mian, 2014 SCC 54, [2014] 2 S.C.R. 689 concerning procedural fairness concerning new issues in appeal courts are also helpful to first-instance courts. [...] [10] Given the procedural fairness shortcomings in this case, we consider the Federal Court’s verdict on the issue of CSXT’s liability to be unsafe.",
      "title": "CSX Transportation, Inc. v. ABB Inc.",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/520977/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-10-15",
      "item_id": 514471,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 202",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/514471/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "In his written materials before this Court and his arguments before the Federal Court, the appellant also submitted that the violation of his procedural fairness rights by the investigator could not be remedied through the grievance procedure, providing an additional reason why such procedure was inadequate. [...] [6] In support of the final point, the appellant relies on the decision of the Federal Court in Chickoski v. Canada (Attorney General), 2016 FC 1043, 2016 CarswellNat 10936 [Chickoski], which he submits stands for the principle that the grievance procedure is incapable of remedying procedural fairness violations where a [...] that the Federal Court has jurisdiction to hear a judicial review application from a final level decision in the grievance procedure where the grievance is not referable to adjudication under s. 209 of the FPSLRA and an applicant alleges that his procedural fairness rights have been violated in the grievance procedure.",
      "title": "Gupta v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/514471/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2022-12-14",
      "item_id": 521075,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2022 FCA 217",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521075/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "[10] To the extent that Captain Clark has raised an issue of procedural fairness with respect to the lack of an oral hearing before the Board, it is for this Court to determine whether the process followed by the Board satisfied the level of fairness required in all of the circumstances: Canada (Citizenship and Immigration) [...] (i) elle a participé, à titre de témoin ou autrement, à une procédure prévue par la présente partie, ou peut le faire, (ii) has made or is about to make a disclosure that the person may be required to make in a proceeding under this Part, or [...] (ii) elle a révélé — ou est sur le point de le faire — des renseignements en exécution ou prévision de l’obligation qui lui est imposée à cet effet dans le cadre d’une procédure prévue par la présente partie,",
      "title": "Clark v. Air Line Pilots Association",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521075/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-06-04",
      "item_id": 498329,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 111",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/498329/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "(1) Procedural fairness [13] After receiving Mr. Sexsmith’s application, the firearms officers interviewed him. [...] [21] To what level of procedural fairness is Mr. Sexsmith entitled? In these circumstances, he is entitled to quite a high level. [...] [41] The nature of the procedural fairness defects in this case and concerns about some aspects of the firearms officers’ substantive decision-making suggest that actual and apparent fairness would be furthered if different firearms officers conducted the redetermination.",
      "title": "Sexsmith v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/498329/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2022-11-08",
      "item_id": 521050,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2022 FCA 191",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521050/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "Warr’s decision contravened the principles of procedural fairness, was based on an error of law or was clearly unreasonable. [...] [24] As noted above, however, Cst. Firsov raised a second procedural fairness argument in the Federal Court. He alleged that the record shows that Insp. [...] • - a breach of procedural fairness (identified specifically as a breach of his right to notice);",
      "title": "Firsov v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521050/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2022-07-29",
      "item_id": 521004,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2022 FCA 140",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521004/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "with procedural fairness has been satisfied. In fact, whether the principles of procedural fairness were respected is an issue that does not lend itself well to an analysis based on the standard of review, insofar as this exercise involves examining the results whereas procedural fairness involves the procedure followed [...] D. Did the Tribunal observe the principle of procedural fairness? [78] In his written submissions and oral argument, the applicant alleged that the Tribunal had breached its duty of procedural fairness. [...] [85] In short, for all the foregoing reasons, I am of the opinion that the Tribunal observed all the principles of procedural fairness and that the applicant was granted an impartial and independent hearing of his case.",
      "title": "Agnaou v. Canada (Public Prosecution Service)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521004/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2020-03-19",
      "item_id": 466027,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2020 FCA 64",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/466027/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "[49] Be that as it may, the Federal Court’s procedural fairness analysis was really a substantive review in disguise. Its conclusion with respect to procedural fairness appears to be nothing more than a restatement of its conclusion on substantive reasonableness, as is readily apparent from these two findings: [...] • Procedural fairness: The Federal Court found “a clear, unambiguous and unqualified regular administrative practice of the CBSA that the name change...would be accepted”. [...] In the case at bar, there is no suggestion that Honey Fashions was not given a fair procedure, including notice and an opportunity to provide additional substantiation for its claims.",
      "title": "Canada (Attorney General) v. Honey Fashions Ltd.",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/466027/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-09-16",
      "item_id": 513180,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 182",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/513180/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "[6] The procedural fairness issue with respect to the film distribution expenses will be considered first. [...] [26] First, the appellant submits that the Tax Court’s breach of procedural fairness on the film issue taints the Court’s analysis on the land issue. [...] Since we have determined that there is no breach of procedural fairness on the film issue, the Court’s analysis on the land issue is not tainted on grounds of procedural fairness either.",
      "title": "Paletta International Corporation v. Canada",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/513180/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2022-02-09",
      "item_id": 520899,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2022 FCA 23",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/520899/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "He concluded on the issue of procedural fairness by quoting from this Court’s decision in Gupta v. Canada (Attorney General), 2017 FCA 211 at para. 31. [...] issues of procedural fairness required no consideration of the appropriate standard of review, but instead “an assessment of the procedures and safeguards required in a particular situation.” This determination reflects the current approach of this Court to the standard of review for issues of procedural fairness: see [...] [82] I see no breach of procedural fairness on the first ground the appellants allege. (2) Selectively reviewing only some of the evidence",
      "title": "Gordillo v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/520899/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2022-09-26",
      "item_id": 521018,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2022 FCA 159",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/521018/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "C. Was the applicant deprived of procedural fairness? IV. Analysis A. Is the applicant’s new evidence admissible? [...] Such arguments do not pertain to procedural fairness and are best addressed in a substantive review of the merits under the reasonableness standard. [...] None of the arguments presented by the applicant address the procedure used by the Board or allege a denial of her right to fully participate in a fair and open procedure.",
      "title": "Andrews v. Public Service Alliance of Canada",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/521018/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-05-14",
      "item_id": 497232,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 95",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/497232/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "The Federal Court also incorrectly found that the Commission had violated Mr. Ennis’ procedural fairness rights by not providing him advance notice of its intended determination. [...] And, it erroneously held that the Commission had violated Mr. Ennis’ procedural fairness rights in failing to provide him advance notice of its intended decision. [...] B. Procedural Fairness [74] I turn finally to the procedural fairness issue.",
      "title": "Canada (Attorney General) v. Ennis",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/497232/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-12-17",
      "item_id": 518141,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 241",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/518141/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "Did the Federal Court breach Mr. Rosianu’s right to procedural fairness when it heard Western’s submission on this preliminary issue before hearing from Mr. Rosianu? [...] In Doing so, did it Violate Mr. Rosianu’s Right to Procedural Fairness? [21] I will deal first under this heading with Mr. Rosianu’s one-sentence allegation that the Federal Court breached his rights of procedural fairness by hearing from Western before hearing from him. [...] [34] Moreover, the Commission and the Investigator are entitled to control their own process subject only to the requirement of fairness (Wong at paras. 13, 14, and 23). They are masters of their own procedure.",
      "title": "Rosianu v. Western Logistics Inc.",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/518141/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2020-09-10",
      "item_id": 485009,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2020 FCA 140",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/485009/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "6. Did the CRTC breach the principles of procedural fairness or err in law or jurisdiction by engaging in arbitrary decision-making? [...] 6. Did the CRTC breach the principles of procedural fairness or err in law or jurisdiction by engaging in arbitrary decision-making? [...] Conclusion on procedural fairness and arbitrary decision-making [184] The appellants have not demonstrated any error of law or jurisdiction arising out of any breach of procedural fairness or arbitrary decision-making.",
      "title": "Bell Canada v. British Columbia Broadband Association",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/485009/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-04-15",
      "item_id": 495640,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 73",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/495640/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "In turn, procedural fairness rights are to be considered when choosing the appropriate appellate standard of review. [...] [25] Turning to the appellant’s argument regarding the “close parallel” between patent unreasonableness and questions of procedural fairness, I find it unconvincing, particularly as the case law relied upon does not support his position as presented. [...] Rather, the case law supports the assertion that the correctness standard applies to issues of procedural fairness, including violations of the audi alteram partem rule; not that patent unreasonableness violates such a rule.",
      "title": "Smith v. Canada (Attorney General)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/495640/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2021-10-22",
      "item_id": 515486,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2021 FCA 204",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/515486/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "1. Did the Agency err in law or breach procedural fairness by accepting Mr. Robinson’s version of events on the basis of submissions made by Ms. Acheson, who did not witness the events? [...] It accordingly did not err in law, improperly reverse the onus of proof, violate Air Canada’s procedural fairness rights or decide a point in the absence of any evidence. [...] It ought not have tried to defend against the procedural fairness allegations, other than by outlining its usual practice and procedure in similar cases, with reference to appropriate case law.",
      "title": "Air Canada v. Robinson",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/515486/index.do"
    },
    {
      "decision_date": "2020-08-07",
      "item_id": 483607,
      "language": "en",
      "neutral_citation": "2020 FCA 130",
      "pdf_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/483607/1/document.do",
      "snippet": "(e) Procedural fairness 136 VI. Judicial oversight 150 VII. Conclusion 162 [...] There is no statutory language in the immigration detention scheme of the IRPA that ousts procedural fairness. The rules respecting disclosure in detention reviews are thus supplemented by the requirement for procedural fairness imposed by the common law. [...] This falls short of what procedural fairness requires. Procedural fairness requires that the detainee have advance disclosure of all evidence relevant to the section 248 criteria, regardless of whether the Minister relies on it to support continued detention.",
      "title": "Brown v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration)",
      "url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/decisions/en/item/483607/index.do"
    }
  ],
  "sort": "relevance",
  "source_url": "https://decisions.fca-caf.gc.ca/fca-caf/en/d/s/index.do?cont=procedural+fairness&ref=&d1=2020-01-01&d2=2022-12-31&p=&col=53&su=&or=",
  "total": 208
}
```